Molniya (Molniya)

    导读

    雷霆星座是一个由多颗低轨卫星组成的通信与侦察卫星星座,旨在提供全球范围内的高速数据传输和实时监测能力。该星座结合了先进的通信技术和遥感系统,支持军事与民用应用,如应急通信、环境监测和边境安全。雷霆星座具备高灵活性和抗干扰能力,能够快速响应突发事件,提升信息获取与传输效率。其部署增强了国家在空间领域的战略优势,推动了卫星通信与遥感技术的融合发展。

    雷霆轨道卫星星座(Molniya)是俄罗斯的一个卫星系统,采用中轨卫星轨道,主要用于为高纬度地区提供可靠的通信服务。Molniya星座特别适合为俄罗斯及其他高纬度区域提供长时间稳定的通信支持,尤其是在极地和远北地区。该系统广泛应用于军事、航空、远程通信、电视广播等领域,能够保证即使在恶劣天气和极端环境下,仍然能够保持可靠的通信连接。Molniya星座的特殊轨道使其在高纬度地区具有长时间的覆盖优势,是极地通信的理想选择。

    NameContent
    星座中文名称 雷霆星座
    星座英文名称 Molniya
    星座构型 中轨道卫星星座
    星座功能 卫星通信、电视广播服务
    轨道类型 中地轨道(MEO)
    运营公司 俄罗斯卫星通信公司
    建设状态 已完成部署并运营
    所属国家 俄罗斯
    技术能力 提供高可靠性的通信覆盖,尤其在高纬度地区和北极地区
    同类型其它星座 Inmarsat, SES
    经济和社会价值环境影响与对策 为高纬度和极地地区提供卫星通信,支撑广播、军事通信和海上通信等领域,推动全球通信和信息传播的发展。

    MolniyaSituation

    MolniyaTarget List

    The table below lists a total of 35 satellites belonging to Molniya

    The satellites under the constellation are compiled based on news and official announcements. If any errors are found, please send a business contact email to contact us for correction

    Satellite Name AOE ID NORAD ID Launch Date
    International Designator
    Orbit Status Orbit Period Orbit Inclination
    (°)
    Perigee
    (Km)
    Apogee
    (Km)
    Eccentricity Update Time
    (UTC)
    Recent Light Curve Services
    MOLNIYA 2-9 7276 7276 1974-04-26
    Same Date Orbit
    1974-026A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 588minutes 64.3959 1293.923 32423.689 0.6698335 2026-06-06
    00:37:29
    MOLNIYA 2-10 7376 7376 1974-07-23
    Same Date Orbit
    1974-056A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 716minutes 65.2627 2331.028 37945.188 0.6715536 2026-06-11
    17:08:12
    MOLNIYA 1-S 7392 7392 1974-07-29
    Same Date Orbit
    1974-060A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 1436minutes 1.3897 35746.635 35817.633 0.0008420 2026-06-12
    06:51:46
    MOLNIYA 1-29 7780 7780 1975-04-29
    Same Date Orbit
    1975-036A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 64.0865 1810.548 38542.472 0.6916289 2026-06-11
    06:33:52
    MOLNIYA 2-14 8195 8195 1975-09-09
    Same Date Orbit
    1975-081A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 713minutes 64.7409 1931.395 38169.497 0.6855854 2026-06-10
    12:48:06
    MOLNIYA 1-32 8601 8601 1976-01-22
    Same Date Orbit
    1976-006A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 720minutes 63.6693 2304.793 38149.519 0.6736390 2026-06-05
    07:48:18
    MOLNIYA 1-36 9880 9880 1977-03-24
    Same Date Orbit
    1977-021A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 63.6542 2275.297 38114.073 0.6743502 2026-06-11
    19:41:34
    MOLNIYA 3-8 10455 10455 1977-10-28
    Same Date Orbit
    1977-105A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 717minutes 63.7822 2359.426 37980.998 0.6708811 2026-06-12
    03:48:50
    MOLNIYA 1-40 10925 10925 1978-06-02
    Same Date Orbit
    1978-055A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 64.0120 2236.383 38106.157 0.6755287 2026-06-11
    05:46:36
    MOLNIYA 3-10 11057 11057 1978-10-13
    Same Date Orbit
    1978-095A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 351minutes 63.6953 940.313 19287.437 0.5562427 2026-06-11
    02:24:01
    MOLNIYA 3-13 11896 11896 1980-07-18
    Same Date Orbit
    1980-063A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 63.8222 1070.192 39278.858 0.7194884 2026-06-11
    21:13:34
    MOLNIYA 1-52 13012 13012 1981-12-23
    Same Date Orbit
    1981-123A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 61.6663 407.495 39969.575 0.7445810 2026-06-07
    05:14:25
    MOLNIYA 1-53 13070 13070 1982-02-26
    Same Date Orbit
    1982-015A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 63.6711 1269.049 39092.461 0.7120668 2026-06-10
    19:21:33
    MOLNIYA 3-20 13875 13875 1983-03-11
    Same Date Orbit
    1983-015A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 61.9497 1308.198 39081.102 0.7107441 2026-06-11
    01:04:23
    MOLNIYA 1-56 13890 13890 1983-03-16
    Same Date Orbit
    1983-019A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 720minutes 62.5349 1621.996 38847.942 0.6993912 2026-06-11
    03:09:39
    MOLNIYA 1-62 15214 15214 1984-08-24
    Same Date Orbit
    1984-089A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 627minutes 62.9846 987.221 34792.499 0.6964991 2026-06-10
    22:38:39
    MOLNIYA 1-63 15429 15429 1984-12-14
    Same Date Orbit
    1984-124A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 719minutes 63.0121 821.702 39582.93 0.7291303 2026-05-31
    00:59:28
    MOLNIYA 3-24 15738 15738 1985-05-29
    Same Date Orbit
    1985-040A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 563minutes 62.3751 579.023 31847.453 0.6920435 2026-06-12
    00:43:51
    MOLNIYA 3-27 16393 16393 1985-12-24
    Same Date Orbit
    1985-117A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 678minutes 61.9696 1005.685 37365.057 0.7111577 2026-06-07
    05:42:14
    MOLNIYA 1-69 17078 17078 1986-11-15
    Same Date Orbit
    1986-089A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 717minutes 63.4974 656.414 39647.654 0.7348471 2026-04-16
    15:50:39
    MOLNIYA 3-31 17328 17328 1987-01-22
    Same Date Orbit
    1987-008A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 62.0329 663.929 39692.551 0.7348258 2026-06-11
    07:46:39
    MOLNIYA 1-71 18946 18946 1988-03-11
    Same Date Orbit
    1988-017A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 716minutes 62.0863 739.514 39551.636 0.7316495 2026-06-11
    08:00:21
    MOLNIYA 1-75 19807 19807 1989-02-15
    Same Date Orbit
    1989-014A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 63.8303 2096.925 38265.769 0.6809026 2026-06-11
    05:41:15
    MOLNIYA 1-80 21118 21118 1991-02-15
    Same Date Orbit
    1991-012A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 702minutes 64.8894 3227.397 36325.581 0.6327405 2026-06-07
    02:57:33
    MOLNIYA 3-40 21196 21196 1991-03-22
    Same Date Orbit
    1991-022A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 709minutes 64.7116 3038.169 36899.481 0.6426037 2026-06-08
    23:23:36
    MOLNIYA 1-81 21426 21426 1991-06-18
    Same Date Orbit
    1991-043A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 63.4220 2219.577 38135.507 0.6762382 2026-06-11
    02:27:26
    MOLNIYA 3-41 21706 21706 1991-09-17
    Same Date Orbit
    1991-065A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 704minutes 62.8522 368.621 39314.193 0.7426821 2026-05-30
    08:29:43
    MOLNIYA 3-42 22178 22178 1992-10-14
    Same Date Orbit
    1992-067A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 653minutes 64.3846 1144.524 35977.906 0.6983618 2026-06-10
    17:44:11
    MOLNIYA 1-86 22671 22671 1993-05-26
    Same Date Orbit
    1993-035A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 255minutes 62.9142 350.888 13506.35 0.4943151 2026-06-12
    06:01:21
    MOLNIYA 1-87 22949 22949 1993-12-22
    Same Date Orbit
    1993-079A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 710minutes 64.8925 2083.703 37877.305 0.6789728 2026-06-05
    07:26:16
    MOLNIYA 1-88 23420 23420 1994-12-14
    Same Date Orbit
    1994-081A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 430minutes 64.2060 1501.444 23514.074 0.5827796 2026-06-10
    07:58:21
    MOLNIYA 3-47 23642 23642 1995-08-09
    Same Date Orbit
    1995-042A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 713minutes 64.8727 2348.181 37777.245 0.6699683 2026-06-07
    14:43:46
    MOLNIYA 1-90 24960 24960 1997-09-24
    Same Date Orbit
    1997-054A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 452minutes 64.3989 1652.122 24602.364 0.5883054 2026-06-09
    05:45:57
    MOLNIYA 1-91 25485 25485 1998-09-28
    Same Date Orbit
    1998-054A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 609minutes 64.6635 1553.527 33291.129 0.6667433 2026-06-10
    11:02:38
    MOLNIYA 3-50 25847 25847 1999-07-08
    Same Date Orbit
    1999-036A
    Same Batch Orbit
    在轨 718minutes 63.5251 2241.135 38112.643 0.6754184 2026-06-11
    01:04:37

    Molniya (Molniya) Orbit Altitude Analysis Chart

    下图为上述星座列表所列卫星的轨道高度分析图
    数据图表基于AOE国际轨道数据分析而成